Probiotics

Probiotics are foods or supplements which contain live microorganisms planned to keep or improve the “good” bacteria (typical microflora) in the body. Prebiotics are foods (typically high-fiber foods) that serve as food for human microflora. Prebiotics are utilized with the intention of enhancing the balance of these microorganisms.

Probiotics remain in foods such as yogurt and sauerkraut. Prebiotics remain in foods such as whole grains, bananas, greens, onions, garlic, soybeans and artichokes. In addition, probiotics and prebiotics are added to some foods and readily available as dietary supplements.

Research is continuous into the relationship of the gut microflora to disease. The health advantages of currently readily available probiotics and prebiotics have not been conclusively proved.

However, negative effects are unusual, and many healthy grownups can safely include foods that contain prebiotics and probiotics to their diet plans. Future research study may result in sophisticated probiotics with higher potential to improve health.

If you’re thinking about taking supplements, talk to your physician to be sure they’re right for you [2]

Intro

The term probiotic is stemmed from Greek and literally indicates “for life.” It was first created in 1965 by Lilley and Stillwell to explain compounds secreted by one microorganism that promote the development of another In 1974, Parker modified this meaning to “… organisms and compounds which contribute to intestinal tract microbial balance”. The present definition of probiotics by Food and Agriculture Company of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Company (WHO) is “live bacteria which when administered in appropriate quantities provide a health advantage to the host”. Probiotic organisms require specific attributes to enable them to exert maximum healing results. Of these qualities, there are some that are considered nearly vital for a probiotic to have restorative impacts, including stomach acid and bile salt stability, ability to abide by the intestinal mucosa, and ability to colonize the intestinal system [3]

History

The word ‘probiotic’ is derived from the Greek meaning ‘for life’ and has actually had a number of different significances for many years. It was first used by Lilley and Stillwell in 1965 to explain compounds produced by one microbe which stimulated the growth of another. It therefore implied the precise reverse of ‘antibiotic’ and its etymological pedigree was beyond reproach. Nevertheless, its usage in this type did not continue and it was subsequently used by Sperti (1971) to describe tissue extracts which stimulated microbial development. It was not until 1974 that Parker used it in the context in which we will utilize it in this book. His meaning was ‘Organisms and compounds which add to digestive microbial balance’. This meaning related probiotic use to the intestinal tract microflora however the addition of ‘compounds’ provided it a broad connotation which would include prescription antibiotics. In an attempt to enhance the definition, Fuller (1989) redefined probiotics as ‘A live microbial feed supplement which beneficially impacts the host animal by improving its intestinal tract microbial balance’. This revised definition stressed the requirement for a probiotic to be viable. [4]

System of action

Probiotics are a mix of live useful germs and/or yeasts that naturally reside in your body. Bacteria is usually viewed in an unfavorable light as something that makes you sick. Nevertheless, you have two sort of bacteria continuously in and on your body– great bacteria and bad bacteria. Probiotics are made up of great bacteria that assists keep your body healthy and working well. This great germs assists you in lots of methods, consisting of battling bad germs when you have too much of it, assisting you feel better.

Probiotics become part of a larger picture worrying germs and your body– your microbiome. Think about a microbiome as a diverse neighborhood of organisms, such as a forest, that interact to keep your body healthy. This community is comprised of things called microbes. You have trillions of microbes on and in your body. These microorganisms are a combination of:.

• Germs.
• Fungi (including yeasts).
• Viruses.
• Protozoa.

Everybody’s microbiome is special. No 2 individuals have the exact same microbial cells– even twins are various.

For a microorganism to be called a probiotic, it must have a number of characteristics. These include having the ability to:.

• Be isolated from a human.
• Survive in your intestine after consumption (being eaten).
• Have a tested benefit to you.
• Be securely taken in.

Where do useful probiotics (microbes) reside in my body?

Though the most typical location connected to advantageous microorganisms is your gut (mainly big intestinal tracts), you have a number of locations in and on your body that host excellent microbes. These locations are in contact with the “outside world” and include your:.

• Gut.
• Mouth.
• Vagina.
• Urinary system.
• Skin.
• Lungs.

How do probiotics work?

The primary task of probiotics, or good bacteria, is to maintain a healthy balance in your body. Think about it as keeping your body in neutral. When you are sick, bad bacteria enters your body and increases in number. This knocks your body out of balance. Great bacteria works to eliminate off the bad bacteria and restore the balance within your body, making you feel much better.

Good bacteria keeps you healthy by supporting your immune function and controlling inflammation. Certain types of good germs can likewise:.

1. Help your body digest food.
2. Keep bad germs from leaving control and making you ill.
3. Create vitamins.
4. Assist assistance the cells that line your gut to prevent bad bacteria that you may have consumed (through food or drinks) from entering your blood.
5. Breakdown and take in medications.

This balancing act is naturally happening in your body all of the time. You do not actually require to take probiotic supplements to make it occur. Excellent bacteria is just a natural part of your body. Eating a well-balanced diet plan rich in fiber every day helps to keep the number of good bacteria at correct levels.

What are the most typical types of probiotic germs?

Though there are numerous kinds of bacteria that can be considered probiotics, there are 2 particular types of bacteria that are common probiotics found in stores. These include:.

• Lactobacillus.
• Bifidobacterium.

Probiotics are also made up of excellent yeast. The most common type of yeast found in probiotics is:.

• Saccharomyces boulardii.

Can I utilize probiotics to aid with medical conditions?

There is currently a big amount of research occurring around the idea of what probiotics can do for your body. Despite the fact that there are a great deal of possibly positive results, scientists are still working to find definitive answers about how probiotics can help with numerous conditions.

However, there are some medical conditions where probiotics may assist. This can vary between individuals suggesting that what works for someone might not work for another. These can also vary based on the specific probiotic that is taken.

A few of the conditions that might be helped by increasing the quantity of probiotics in your body (through food or supplements) include:.

• Diarrhea (both diarrhea caused by antibiotics and from Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infection).
• Inflammatory bowel illness (IBD).
• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
• Yeast infections.
• Urinary system infections.
• Gum illness.
• Lactose intolerance.
• Eczema (atopic dermatitis).
• Upper breathing infections (ear infections, common cold, sinusitis).
• Sepsis (particularly in babies).

Can I take or eat something to increase the great probiotics (microbes) in my body?

You can increase the amount of great microbes in your body through foods, beverages and supplements. You might currently have specific foods in your daily diet that contain probiotics. Fermented foods in particular (yogurt and pickles, for example) are house to a host of excellent bacteria that benefit your body. There are also fermented drinks like kombucha (fermented tea) or kefir (fermented dairy drink) that introduce additional probiotics into your diet.

Apart from food, you can include probiotics to your diet plan through dietary supplements. These aren’t drugs, so they do not need to be approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA). It is necessary that you always speak with your healthcare provider before beginning any type of supplement or major change to your diet.

Can I get probiotics from food?

You can absolutely increase useful microbes in your body from the foods you consume. Certain foods have probiotics (excellent germs) in them and can benefit the health of your microbiome.

These foods can be presented into your diet at any point of the day. You might even be routinely consuming them now and not understand that they contain probiotics. You will want to inspect the food label for “live and active cultures.” A couple of tips for just some of the probiotic-rich foods you can add to your diet plan and in some cases to try them include:.

For breakfast, try:.

• Sourdough bread.

For lunch, try:.

• Cottage cheese.

For a treat, try:.

• Fermented pickles.

For dinner, shot:.

• Fermented sauerkraut.
• Miso soup.

Ensure you are still producing a well balanced and healthy meal each time you sit down to consume. Though including probiotic-rich foods into your diet plan won’t injure you, balance is still crucial. Adding too much of just one food avoids your body from reaping the benefits of other food groups.

How do I take a probiotic supplement?

There are several methods you can take a probiotic supplement. They come in a range of forms, including in:.

• Foods.
• Beverages.
• Capsules or pills.
• Powders.
• Liquids.

Probiotic supplements may be integrated with a prebiotic. Prebiotics are complex carbohydrates that feed the microorganisms in your gut. Generally, prebiotics are the “food source” for the excellent germs. They assist feed the great germs and keep it healthy. Prebiotics include inulin, pectin and resistant starches.

When you have a supplement that integrates a probiotic and prebiotic, it’s called a synbiotic.

How reliable are probiotics?

Scientists are currently not sure how efficient probiotic supplements are for dealing with conditions. There’s constant research study on the topic. While lots of research studies have had positive results on the effect of probiotic supplements, more research study is still needed.

It’s likewise essential to remember that unlike medications, dietary supplements do not need to be authorized by the FDA. This implies that makers can offer supplements merely with “claims” of safety and efficiency.

Constantly talk with your doctor (or pediatrician) prior to taking a supplement or giving one to your kid. Supplements may disrupt medicines you might be taking. If you are pregnant or breast feeding, talk to your company before taking any supplement.

Exist any storage instructions for probiotics?

Several probiotic strains are extremely fragile and need to be safeguarded from heat, oxygen, light and humidity. The probiotics might start to break down or pass away if they are exposed to these components. Because of this, you may require to cool your probiotics or shop it in a particular location. Cooling specific probiotic pressures guarantees that they’re still practical when you go to use them and will still supply the complete advantage of the probiotic. Constantly check out the labels on any probiotic product you purchase to make certain you store it properly and use it within the expiration date.

How safe are probiotics?

Due to the fact that microorganisms used as probiotics already exist naturally in your body, probiotic foods and supplements are generally thought about safe. They might activate allergic reactions, and may also cause mild indigestion, diarrhea, or flatulence (passing gas) and bloating for the very first couple of days after beginning to take them.

There are specific individuals who need to use caution when utilizing probiotic supplements. There is a danger of infection in some people. These individuals include those who have:.

• A weakened immune system (those going through chemotherapy for example).
• A crucial disease.
• Just recently had surgery.

Care must likewise be utilized when providing probiotics to very ill infants.

Constantly speak to your healthcare provider prior to starting a probiotic supplement.

Can probiotics hurt me?

For the majority of healthy individuals, probiotics do not cause any harm. They are usually thought about safe and are typically “given a try” to see if they might assist with various medical conditions. There’s a lot of research study around the subject of probiotics. Scientists are attempting to figure out when and how they ought to be utilized, as well as how effective they are. Speak with your doctor prior to starting a probiotic supplement since there are some cases where you shouldn’t be taking them. It’s constantly best to have the conversation first before starting a brand-new supplement.

Exist any threats related to probiotics?

Probiotics are typically thought about safe. Nevertheless, there are some risks linked to the supplements. These risks are increased if you have a medical condition that weakens your immune system, have just recently had surgery or have other serious medical conditions.

Unlikely, however possible, threats can consist of:.

• Establishing an infection.
• Establishing a resistance to prescription antibiotics.
• Developing hazardous byproducts from the probiotic supplement.

Should I give probiotics to my kids?

Probiotics can be advantageous for both adults and kids. If your kid has a disease that needs an antibiotic medication for treatment, taking a probiotic can help shorten signs. Probiotics can also be used to help relieve constipation, acid reflux, diarrhea, gas and eczema in children.

Introducing probiotics into your kid’s diet plan through food is generally a safe way to provide probiotics. Foods like yogurt and cottage cheese are frequently part of a balanced diet and can add in good germs without much threat.

There are commercially offered probiotic supplements specifically developed for infants and kids. However, it is very important to talk to your kid’s pediatrician before providing any probiotic supplement or altering the kid’s diet to consist of probiotic-rich foods.

Do I require to take probiotics after I take prescription antibiotics?

Antibiotic medications are frequently required to fight an infection. However, while prescription antibiotics are eliminating the bad germs, they are likewise knocking out the good bacteria in your body. Some individuals develop conditions like diarrhea after taking an antibiotic. In other individuals, this might allow for truly bad bacteria to take over and occupy the gut, such as with C. diff. Some research study has actually shown a favorable connection in between taking probiotics after an antibiotic and relief from diarrhea. This hasn’t been proven yet and doesn’t work for everyone.

The idea behind adding probiotics back into your body after taking an antibiotic is that it can repopulate the excellent bacteria that was ruined by the prescription antibiotics and re-boot your system. The extra excellent bacteria helps repopulate your gut and eradicate any staying bad germs. Lots of people feel that adding in probiotics won’t injure, may help you feel much better a little faster and avoid diarrhea.

Should I attempt probiotics?

If you are interested in adding probiotics to your diet, it deserves a discussion with your healthcare provider. Numerous providers might suggest giving them a try to see if they assist with your general health. It is essential to bear in mind that not all probiotics act the same way and have the very same impacts. Each has their own specific benefits. They usually don’t cause damage. One simple way to start can be by simply presenting probiotic-rich foods into your diet plan, like yogurt.

Prior to you begin any supplements, make sure you talk with your doctor. Your provider might have the ability to point you in the right direction, assisting you determine the best probiotic to take, just how much to take and when to take it. A conversation is always worth the time when it worries your health. [5]

Benefits

Probiotics are useful germs. They exist throughout the body, although individuals mostly associate them with the stomach and intestinal tracts. As proof of a link between the gut microbiome and general health grows, interest in probiotics is increasing.

Individuals frequently take in probiotics in the hope of balancing their digestive plants, likewise called the gut microbiome.

There are lots of strains of probiotic bacteria, however the primary ones are of the Lactobacillus or Bifidobacterium groups.

Prebiotics are various from probiotics. They are nutrients in food. The body does not absorb prebiotics, however these nutrients assist promote the growth or activity of useful bacteria.

Food sources of probiotics consist of fermented foods, such as some yogurts and kimchi. Probiotic supplements are also available.

Discover more about the difference between prebiotics and probiotics.

Health benefits

Share on PinterestConsuming probiotics through supplements or foods, such as kimchi, might help enhance the gut microbiome.

Probiotics may benefit the body in different methods, such as:

• boosting the health of the gut microbiome
• bring back balance to the microbiome after an illness or treatment
• supporting the immune system

Probiotics may benefit people with various health conditions. Nevertheless, identifying precisely who would benefit from which type of bacteria will require more research.

Below are some ways in which probiotics may help maintain health.

Diarrhea

Certain stress of probiotics have actually shown favorable lead to dealing with diarrhea and gastroenteritis– inflammation of the gut’s lining, which can cause diarrhea.

Probiotics may help combat various kinds of diarrhea, consisting of sporadic contagious diarrhea, severe watery diarrhea, and diarrhea due to a rotavirus.

However, the results would likely depend upon the type and dosage of probiotic.

Psychological health issue

Research studies have actually pointed to a link between the gut microbiota and the main nerve system, consisting of the brain. This link is known as the gut-brain axis.

Some scientists think that germs in the gut could affect the nerve system and the way that people believe and feel.

The findings recommend that probiotics might one day support the treatment of psychological health problems, such as stress and anxiety and depression, and perhaps some neurological conditions, too.

High cholesterol

Consuming foods including probiotic Lactobacillus germs might decrease levels of low-density lipoprotein, or “bad” cholesterol, along with overall cholesterol. the impact that probiotics might have on total cholesterol.

After studying data from nearly 2,000 people, the scientists concluded that probiotic supplements might significantly reduce overall cholesterol levels in the blood.

However, the efficiency may depend on the type and dose of the supplement. More research studies are needed to confirm the outcomes and clarify which probiotics would be useful.

Hypertension

Milk fermented with strains of Lactobacillus might help lower high blood pressure.

The evaluation also revealed that consuming probiotics might cause a boost in levels of vitamin D– which assists prevent high blood pressure– in the blood.

If more research study validates that probiotics can help manage blood pressure, these bacteria might one day contribute in dealing with and preventing heart problem.

Irritable or inflammatory bowel

There is proof that probiotics may assist deal with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). a multi-strain probiotic might enhance IBS symptoms.

The researchers required further examinations into whether pressures of Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Faecalibacterium germs could contribute in future treatments.

Probiotics did not consistently support the treatment of inflammatory bowel illness, or IBD, except possibly for one type of the illness: ulcerative colitis.

Infection

In laboratory tests, researchers have actually found that a specific form of the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus paracasei might protect the gut from infection by Listeria, a more hazardous kind of germs.

Probiotics could assist deal with and prevent Listeria infection. Probiotics, if proven beneficial, would be less most likely to disturb the balance of the microbiome than the basic antibiotic treatment for this infection.

Psoriasis and fatigue syndrome

Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 could benefit individuals with conditions such as psoriasis and fatigue syndrome.

This particular type of bacteria is frequently included in supplements to strengthen the digestive system.

Food sources of probiotics

Foods that contain natural probiotics include some kinds of:.

• yogurt
• kefir
• buttermilk
• soft cheese
• soy-based products, such as miso, tempeh, and some soy drinks
• kimchi
• unpasteurized sauerkraut
• nutrition bars
• juice
• cereal

Lots of items are marketed as containing probiotics, however the body is most likely to benefit from particular items. Consuming soft cheese, for instance, might be a great way of ensuring that probiotic bacteria reach the gut in a beneficial form. [6]

Advantages of probiotics for children

If your children are usually healthy and fit, you may wonder why they require probiotics. Nevertheless, if you read the second article in our ‘Early life microbiome’ series, ‘Kid Microbiome: Dr Kate’s Guide’, you can see that the balance of the gut microbiome is really important. Childhood years feature elements such as school, tension, high-sugar & & low-fibre diet plan, medications/antibiotics, and busy way of lives which can all impact your kid’s microbiome structure and lower levels of friendly bacteria. There are lots of methods to support gut health, and you can find out more about this in our post Gut Health, All You Need to Know. But providing your kids probiotics, likewise called live cultures or good/friendly germs, are a simple method to guarantee they have extra assistance they may require in the hustle and bustle of every day life.

Digestion and energy

Your child is constantly growing! As such it’s important they are digesting their food and soaking up the nutrients well. Our microbiome supplies gastrointestinal enzymes to assist kids to break down their food1. Plus, they support a healthy gut environment ensuring good nutrient absorption. Many microorganisms in our gut can also produce important vitamins2!

Supporting immunity

Schools and nurseries are notorious hangouts for damaging bugs, where they can rapidly spread out. With 70% of our body immune system being located in the gut, fortunately is that you can support your child’s resistance with probiotics. Our gut microbes basically act as instructors, assisting the immune system respond to hazards properly. Probiotics enter into our friendly bacteria barrier which safeguards our gut cells and immune system.

Health care specialists can learn more about the complex relationship between probiotics and the immune system in this short article on our sis website, Probiotic Professionals: Probiotics for Resistance.

State of mind and wellbeing

Probiotics might have the ability to help by regulating our mood via the connection of our brain and microbiome referred to as the gut-brain axis. It’s estimated that 90% of the delighted hormonal agent serotonin, is produced in the gut. The neurotransmitter GABA is also essential for helping us to ‘switch off’ and sleep and GABA can be produced by friendly bacteria in the gut such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. Find out more about the Gut-Brain Axis and Probiotics.

Skin health

Regrettably, children often struggle with skin problems like eczema and acne, presently 1 in 5 children in the UK have eczema. Probiotics might have the ability to improve skin health by supporting a healthy gut lining, increasing the levels of excellent germs in the gut, and soothing down swelling. To learn more, take a look at Probiotics for Acne and Skin Health. [7]

Side effects

When you present a probiotic supplement to your body it begins to make adjustments to the change occurring in your gut microbiome and works to eliminate hazardous contaminants from your body. This is why some individuals experience a few initial adverse effects. These impacts are normally mild and tend to disappear in a few days. Give your body time to change and attempt lowering the dosage for a long time, if required. Here are some common probiotic side effects you might experience momentarily and how to find relief.

Headaches

When you consume foods that are rich in proteins, compounds called biogenic amines (including tryptamine and antihistamine) are formed. These compounds can cause the central nerve system to get delighted, and the reduction or increase in blood flow may trigger headaches. Such headaches normally do not last for more than a week. How to find relief: To discover remedy for headaches be sure to get lots of rest and consume additional water. Water can assist your body procedure and break down proteins quicker and remove headaches.

Gas and Bloating

Gas and bloating are common probiotic side effects when beginning a routine, especially if you experience small intestinal tract bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). This is known as the Herxheimer Response, a condition that happens when harmful germs dies and develops gas. How to find relief: If you end up being gassy or experience abdominal pain or cramps try taking smaller sized doses of the probiotics for a long time. Once your body is utilized to it and there are no negative effects, you can slowly increase the dosage to reach your required level. You can also discover relief by drinking chamomile or peppermint tea or using a warm compress or heating pad on areas of pain.

Heartburn

Heartburn happens when the acidic contents of your stomach travel back into the food pipeline. This develops a burning experience in the lower chest region, often after a meal. This, similar to bloating and gas, likewise occurs when probiotics exterminate the harmful bacteria in your body and they launch toxins. How to discover relief: To discover relief from acid reflux liquify your probiotic tablet in some water and drink it slowly instead of straight swallowing the supplement. This eases the intro of the probiotic to your body and helps in reducing digestion-related side effects. It also assists to avoid setting after meals and eat gradually to give your body time to digest your food and stabilize your gut flora.

Queasiness

Nausea normally happens from stomach acid production as soon as you start taking probiotic supplements. How to discover relief: Taking your probiotics along with a meal, with yogurt, or a healthy smoothie may help you find relief from nausea.

Irregularity

While it may be paradoxical, some people experience irregularity within a few days of starting probiotics. If your body has a lot of toxin-producing damaging germs, waste and contaminant removal may not happen as quickly as it is produced which can be the cause of irregularity. Occasionally, some types of probiotic germs such as Lactobacilli can also trigger this negative effects. How to discover relief: To discover relief from constipation, include more fiber in your diet plan together with your regular probiotic supplements. This might offer you relief and regularize your bowel movements.

Diarrhea

Probiotics work towards the smooth operation of your gastrointestinal system and cleaning of the digestive tract. In fact, one of the most typical uses of probiotic supplements is to fight diarrhea. However, when you begin taking probiotics, you might experience moderate boost in gas, bloating, thirst, and some digestive problems consisting of diarrhea. Diarrhea can be uneasy, nevertheless, felt confident that your body’s gastrointestinal system will gain back balance within 14 days. How to find relief: To discover remedy for diarrhea, take your supplement on an empty stomach and keep drinking a lot of water. You can likewise increase your fiber consumption and eat more starches such as red potatoes.

Itching or Rashes on the Skin

When germs in the body releases contaminants, it is launched through the pores of the skin. This is why people who have actually recently started taking probiotics in some cases complain of skin infections and rashes. Sometimes, this likewise takes place when the probiotic supplement uses poor-quality components for the formulation. (8) Probiotics assistance support the body immune system, so after a period of adjustment, this reaction should calm down, and you might even experience clearer skin if you’ve had skin issues in the past. How to find relief: To discover remedy for skin irritations always select a premium probiotic that only utilizes the best active ingredients. You can likewise use honey, coconut oil, or another high-oil ointment to the affected location. [8]

Probiotic Dose for Adults

Similar to anything you require to improve your health, dosage is necessary. If you take too much, you might cause new issues, and too little will not do anything.

There’s a typical misconception that probiotics should be taken every day, Probiotics are a tool that can be useful when attempting to improve certain conditions generally related to the stomach system, but are not an everyday supplement.

There is still a need for a lot more research study on the microbiome of the gut. Because of the lack of deeper details, we do not know what the optimum balance is for germs in the stomach.

While you can discover suggested dosages for adults with different ailments, it’s finest to speak to a physician about the best dosage for you. Only a physician who has analyzed you will be able to identify what your health requires or to supply your particular dose amounts. [9]

Conclusion

Probiotics offer a vast array of health advantages.

Nevertheless, their effects on weight are blended and appear to depend upon the kind of probiotic.

Evidence shows that Lactobacillus gasseri may help people with obesity lose weight and belly fat. Furthermore, a probiotic supplement blend called VSL # 3 might reduce weight gain in those on a high calorie diet.

At the end of the day, specific types of probiotics might have modest impacts on your weight, particularly when integrated with a healthy, whole-foods diet.

Nonetheless, there are many other reasons to take a probiotic supplement.

They can improve your digestive health and cardiovascular danger aspects, reduce swelling, and even assist battle anxiety and anxiety. [10]

Referrals

1. https://www.britannica.com/science/probiotic
2. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/probiotics/faq-20058065
3. https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/50992
4. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-011-2364-8_1
5. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/14598-probiotics
6. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/264721#food-sources
7. https://www.optibacprobiotics.com/uk/learning-lab/in-depth/childrens-health/kids-probiotics
8. https://lovebugprobiotics.com/blogs/news/probiotic-side-effects-and-your-digestive-health
9. https://www.livestrong.com/article/367869-recommended-dosage-for-probiotics/
10. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/probiotics-and-weight-loss#bottom-line