Gotu Kola

Centella asiatica, typically known as gotu kola, kodavan, indian pennywort and asiatic pennywort, is an herbaceous, seasonal plant in the blooming plant household apiaceae. It is belonging to wetlands in the caucasus, tropical & subtropical vintage to brand-new zealand and the west pacific. It is utilized as a culinary veggie and as a medicinal herb. (1 )

Overview

Gotu kola (centella asiatica) is an herb in the parsley household. It has a long history of use in the conventional chinese and ayurvedic medication systems.

Gotu kola consists of certain chemicals that seem to reduce swelling and blood pressure. It likewise appears to increase collagen production, which might be handy for wound healing.

People utilize gotu kola for burns and poor flow that can result in varicose veins. It is also used for scars, stretch marks, and lots of other conditions, however there is no good scientific evidence to support the majority of these usages. (2 ).

History

Gotu kola (centella asiatica) has been used to deal with lots of conditions for thousands of years in india, china, and indonesia. It was used to recover wounds, improve mental clarity, and treat skin conditions such as leprosy and psoriasis.

Some people utilize it to treat breathing infections, such as colds, and in the past it was utilized for that in china. It has actually been called “the fountain of life” due to the fact that legend has it that an ancient chinese herbalist lived for more than 200 years as a result of taking gotu kola.

Historically, gotu kola has also been used to deal with syphilis, hepatitis, stomach ulcers, psychological fatigue, epilepsy, diarrhea, fever, and asthma. Today, in the u.s. And europe gotu kola is frequently used to treat varicose veins and persistent venous insufficiency, a condition where blood swimming pools in the legs. It is also utilized in lotions to deal with psoriasis and help heal minor injuries.

Gotu kola is not the like kola nut (soda nitida). Unlike kola nut, gotu kola does not have caffeine, and is not a stimulant. (3 ).

Description

Gotu kola (centella asiatica) belongs to the apiaceae carrot household. It is also called pennywort, marsh cent, water pennywort, and sheep rot. The name sheep rot originates from the erroneous belief in europe that gotu kola caused foot rot in sheep. Gotu kola is frequently incorrect for the kola nut plant (soda nitida). However, the two are not related and gotu kola, unlike the kola nut, consists of no caffeine. Gotu kola is noted in india as an extremely powerful spiritual herb, and ayurvedic medication refers to it as brahmi since it assists get knowledge of the spiritual being.

Gotu kola, a perennial, grows in india, sri lanka, madagascar, south africa, china, indonesia, australia, and the United States and Canada. It can grow like a weed, but its description depends upon its area. For instance, in shallow water, the leaves float; however in dry locations, the plant establishes many roots and thin, tiny leaves. The fan-shaped leaves may be smooth or lobed. Red flowers become fruit with a diameter of about 0.2 in (5 mm).

Gotu kola’s primary active parts are triterpenoids, although the gotu kola discovered in india, sri lanka, and madagascar doesn’t have the very same residential or commercial properties. Gotu kola’s triterpenes can have a concentration from 1.1-8%, with a lot of concentrations in the middle variety.

Gotu kola from madagascar is used for most standardized extracts, and its four main triterpene properties are:.

• Asiatic acid (29-30%)
• Madecassic acid (29-30%)
• Asiaticoside (40%)
• Madecassoside (1-2%)

Gotu kola also consists of the following.

• Volatile oil of a terpene acetate (36% of all the unpredictable oil)
• Camphor
• Cineole
• Glycerides of some fats
• Plant sterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol)
• Polyacetylene compounds
• Flavonoids (kampferol, quercetin)
• Myo-inositol (glycoside from the flavonoids)
• Sugars
• Vellarin
• Amino acids
• Resins (4 )

Scientific research studies

Most of the medical studies on asian ca have been realized with alcoholic or liquid extracts. The teca extracts (titrated extracts of asian ca and ttfca (triterpenic total fraction of asian ca) are mixes of asiatic acid (30%), madecasic acids (30%) and asiaticoside (40%). The ttf extract (triterpenic total portion) includes asian ca and madecasic acids (60%) in a relation not plainly defined yet, in combination with asiatichoside (40%). Both in vivo scientific research studies and human monolayer cell culture experiments have concluded that asiatic acid affects collagen synthesis. The selective action of the local application of triterpenoid fraction of cae for wound recovery and highlighted the function of asiaticoside in the increased levels of anti-oxidants (enzymatic and nonenzymatic), which were likewise implied for the sped up injury healing. It is now understood that angiogenesis plays an important role in wound recovery considering that the freshly formed capillary assist the hypoxic injuries to attain normoxic conditions. Asiaticoside prompted angiogenesis in both in vivo and in vitro designs. In cases of vascular injury, thrombosis, acute myocardial infarction, and other peripheral vascular diseases, a higher variety of flowing endothelial cells was spotted. For example, in one study, patients with post phlebetic syndrome (pps) revealed a greater number of circulating endothelial cells compared to the normal subjects. During a three-week treatment with ca triterpenic portion (catf), pps patients who got 90 mg catf daily in 3 divided dosages revealed a statistical considerable decline in distributing endothelial cells, thereby suggesting the efficiency of ca in protecting the integrity of vascular intima. The lower number of distributing endothelial cells was credited to the protective result of catf on vascular intima stability. The extract of ca was checked on 94 clients experiencing venous insufficiency of the lower limbs. The patients were divided into three groups, each treated with teca (120 mg/day, 60 mg/day or placebo) for two months. An analytical considerable distinction in favour of teca groups was observed in the criteria looked for lower limbs and edema; also the general assessment was shown positive for the teca treated groups compared to the placebo. Catf proved to be effective on microcirculation and capillary permeability. Fifty-two patients with venous high blood pressure (pressure greater than 42 mmhg) were divided into 3 groups, each treated with 60 mg/day, 30 mg/day, or placebo. The additional 10 control topics were treated with 60 mg/day. After four weeks of treatment substantial enhancements were observed in a concentration-dependent manner in the criteria checked, such as purification rate, ankle edema, and ankle area. No substantial changes were observed in placebo and control topics treated with catf. In another double-blind scientific trial including 87 patients with persistent venous hypertensive microangiopathy, two dosage kinds of catf (30 mg/day and 60 mg/day) were obtained 60 days and no undesirable impacts were observed. The outcomes also validated the effectiveness of catf in a dose-dependent manner. The impacts of the catf on enzymes involved in mucopolysaccharide metabolism supported the hypothesis that the extract acts upon standard metabolism in the connective tissues of the vascular wall. The levels of basal serum uronic acid and enzymes involved in mucopolysaccharide metabolic process (beta-glucuronidase, beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase, and arylsulfatase) rose in clients with varicose veins, showing an increased muco-polysaccharide turnover. After treatment (60 mg/day for 3 months) the above enzyme levels fell progressively.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled research study was carried out to check the effects of an oral standardized ca product in 2 dosages (30 mg bid and 60 mg quote) in 87 patients with persistent venous hypertensive microangiopathy. Microcirculatory criteria were revealed to be improved as compared to placebo in dosage dependent way, with the higher dosage improving symptoms more considerably. Another study reported the helpful results of an oral standardized ca product (60 mg three times a day over a 2month period) in vascular permeability and microcirculation as evaluated by laser doppler flowmetry. The outcomes revealed a combined enhancement of the microcirculation and capillary permeability in all patients (10 normal topics, 22 patients with moderate, superficial venous high blood pressure, and 12 clients with postphlebitic limbs and severe venous hypertension). Another study in clients with serious venous high blood pressure due to deep venous illness reported that a standardized ca extract was acutely effective in decreasing capillary filtering and edema in people with venous hypertensive microangiopath. Ca preparations were discovered practical in decreasing the stretch marks (striae gravidarum) that many women develop during pregnancy. A placebo-controlled research study of 100 pregnant women compared application of a cream including a cae, vitamin e (alpha tocopherol), and collagen-elastin hydrolysates to placebo. Application of the compounded cream was associated with less women establishing stretch marks than in placebo. Application of topical ca preparations were shown to be beneficial in decreasing the scarring seen throughout injury healing, appearing to be related to the stimulation of maturation of the scar by the production of type i collagen and the resulting decrease in the inflammatory reaction and myofibroblast production. In a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, half-side comparison research study, carried out to identify if it might likewise improve mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis in grownups, eighty-eight individuals were randomly used the treatment lotion and the placebo control to either the left or best side of the body for 4 weeks (2 applications per day) after which erythema, edema, oozing, and excoriation were assessed. No considerable enhancements were detected in the treatment group as compared to the control group; nevertheless, more analysis of patients residing in colder climates showed a substantial improvement in the dealt with areas. Since the lotion included the mix of herbs, it was suggested that further studies using each specific herb and research studies using a parallel group style were required to be carried out.

In one current randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind research study, 28 participants (< <61 years of age) received either ca extracts (250, 500, or 750 mg day-to-day) or placebo in order to figure out the effect of ca on cognitive function and state of mind. In the study, after 2 months, cognitive function (as examined by event-related possible and the computerized assessment battery test) and mood (utilizing bond-lader visual analogue) was identified. The greatest improvements in mood and cognitive function were discovered in those receiving the 750 mg dosage of ca draw out. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined the anxiolytic activity of ca in human subjects. The authors concluded that the findings recommended ca's anxiolytic activity in humans. Very just recently, a study was performed in sixty elderly topics in age group 65 and above, using diagnostic tools like mini mindset evaluation scoring (mmse scoring), wherein activities of everyday living and yesavage geriatric anxiety scale were examined. The mean mmse scoring revealed substantial enhancement after administration of ca for 6 months in senior with moderate cognitive problems (mci) at dosage of 500 mg two times a day (1000 mg day-to-day). A favourable enhancement is observed in depression and other age related conditions like high blood pressure, peripheral neuritis, sleeping disorders, anorexia nervosa, constipation a sign of numerous beneficial medical results of ca particularly in the age-related cognitive decline in senior. (5 ).

Benefits of gotu kola

It might assist enhance cognitive function

A small 2016 research study compared the effects of gotu kola extract and folic acid in enhancing cognitive function after a stroke. This small research study examined the effect on 3 groups of individuals– one taking 1,000 milligrams (mg) of gotu kola daily, one taking 750 mg of gotu kola each day, and one taking 3 mg of folic acid daily.

Although gotu kola and folic acid were similarly beneficial in improving overall cognition, gotu kola was more reliable in enhancing memory domain.

A different research study took a look at the cognitive enhancing effects of gotu kola water extract on mice. Although both young and old mice showed improvements in knowing and memory using the morris water maze, the result was higher in the older mice.

How to utilize: take 750 to 1,000 mg of gotu kola daily for approximately 14 days at a time.

It may assist deal with alzheimer’s disease

Gotu kola has the ability to enhance memory and nerve function, which offers it possible in dealing with alzheimer’s illness. In fact, one 2012 study on mice found that gotu kola extract had a favorable impact on behavioral problems in mice with alzheimer’s illness.

The extract was likewise shown, in lab and animal studies, to have a modest impact on protecting brain cells from toxicity. This might likewise protect the cells from forming the plaque connected with alzheimer’s.

Still, further research is needed to identify exactly how gotu kola could be utilized to deal with alzheimer’s. If you’re interested in adding this to your treatment strategy, speak with your medical professional prior to use.

How to use: take 30 to 60 drops of liquid gotu kola draw out 3 times each day. Dosages may vary between manufacturers, so always carefully follow the directions on the bottle.

It might help in reducing anxiety and tension

Scientists in an animal study from 2016 discovered that gotu kola had an anti-anxiety effect on male mice that were sleep denied for 72 hours. Sleep deprivation can cause anxiety, oxidative damage, and neuro swelling.

Mice that were given gotu kola for 5 successive days before going through sleep deprivation experienced significantly less anxiety-like habits. They likewise experienced improved locomotor activity and less oxidative damage.

A 2013 review of anti-anxiety herbal medications also concluded that gotu kola has an intense anti-anxiety effect. However, more research is needed to verify these findings.

How to use: take 500 mg of gotu kola extract twice a day for approximately 2 week at a time. You can take up to 2,000 mg daily in cases of severe anxiety.

It might serve as an antidepressant

Gotu kola’s favorable result on brain function might likewise make it an efficient antidepressant.

A review from 2016 supports these findings, in part due to a study on 33 people with generalized anxiety disorder. The individuals were asked to take gotu kola in place of their antidepressant medication for 60 days. They self-reported decreased tension, stress and anxiety, and depression.

Another research study gone over in the evaluation examined the effect of gotu kola on rats caused with persistent anxiety. The organic solution had a favorable result on specific aspects of behavioral anxiety, consisting of body weight, body temperature, and heart rate.

How to use: take 500 mg of gotu kola two times a day for approximately 2 week at a time. You can take up to 2,000 mg each day throughout times of heightened depression.

It may enhance circulation and minimize swelling

Research study from 2001 discovered that gotu kola can lower issues with fluid retention, ankle swelling, and blood circulation tied to taking flights that last longer than three hours.

Individuals who experienced mild-to-moderate superficial venous illness with varicose veins were asked to take gotu kola for two days prior to their flight, the day of their flight, and the day after their flight.

Scientists discovered that individuals who took the supplement experienced substantially less fluid retention and ankle swelling than those who didn’t.

Older research study has likewise revealed that gotu kola can be helpful in treating varicose veins. This might be due to the fact that gotu kola has a favorable metabolic impact on the connective tissue of the vascular wall.

How to utilize: take 60 to 100 mg of gotu kola extract 3 times each day for a week, before and after any flights. You can also massage the afflicted area with a topical cream containing 1 percent gotu kola extract.

How to do a skin patch test: it is very important to do a patch test prior to using any topical medication. To do this, rub a dime-sized quantity on to the within your forearm. If you do not experience any irritation or swelling within 24 hr, it must be safe to utilize in other places.

It might assist relieve sleeping disorders

Given its viewed ability to treat anxiety, tension, and depression, gotu kola may also be used to deal with the insomnia that often accompanies these conditions. Some consider this natural remedy to be a safe option to prescription medications utilized to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders.

Although older research study does recommend that gotu kola can help deal with sleep conditions, extra studies are required to verify these findings.

How to utilize: take 300 to 680 mg of gotu kola extract 3 times each day for as much as 14 days at a time.

It might help reduce look of stretch marks

According to a 2013 evaluation, gotu kola can reduce the look of stretch marks. It’s believed that the terpenoids discovered in gotu kola boost collagen production in the body. This may help avoid new stretch marks from forming, in addition to aid recover any existing marks.

How to use: apply a topical cream consisting of 1 percent gotu kola extract to the affected area several times per day.

How to do a skin patch test: it’s important to do a patch test prior to utilizing any topical medication. To do this, rub a dime-sized amount on to the within your forearm. If you do not experience any inflammation or inflammation within 24 hours, it needs to be safe to use elsewhere.

It might promote injury healing and decrease scarring

Scientists in a 2015 study on rats found that injury dressing including gotu kola had healing results on multiple types of injuries. This includes tidy cuts by sharp things, irregular tears triggered by blunt-force trauma, and infected tissue.

Although promising, more research is required to validate these findings.

How to utilize: use a lotion containing 1 percent gotu kola extract to the affected location several times daily. If your wound is deep or otherwise serious, see your physician before use.

How to do a skin patch test: it’s important to do a patch test before utilizing any topical medication. To do this, rub a dime-sized amount on to the within your lower arm. If you don’t experience any inflammation or swelling within 24 hr, it must be safe to use somewhere else.

It might help eliminate joint pain

The anti-inflammatory properties of gotu kola might work in treating arthritis.

In fact, one 2014 study on collagen-induced arthritis in rats found that oral administration of gotu kola decreased joint inflammation, cartilage erosion, and bone erosion. Its antioxidant effect likewise had a positive effect on the immune system.

How to use: take 300 to 680 mg of gotu kola extract 3 times each day for up to 2 week at a time.

It might have a detox effect

Newer research study is having a look at gotu kola’s result on liver and kidney toxicity.

According to one 2017 animal research study, gotu kola can be utilized to reduce the harmful negative effects of the antibiotic isoniazid. Isoniazid is used to treat and avoid tuberculosis.

Rats were offered 100 mg of gotu kola for one month before they were offered the antibiotic. These rats experienced less toxicity in general. Rats that did experience toxicity in the liver and kidneys resumed to near-normal levels after being provided gotu kola.

More research is required to expand upon these findings.

How to utilize: take 30 to 60 drops of liquid gotu kola draw out 3 times daily for as much as 14 days at a time. Dosages might vary between producers, so constantly carefully follow the directions on the bottle. (6 ).

Nutritional truths

In southeast asia, gotu kola is utilized as much for food when it comes to medical purposes. A member of the parsley family, gotu kola is an exceptional source of vital minerals and vitamins required to maintain optimum health.

According to an evaluation in the global food research journal, 100 grams of fresh gotu kola provides the following nutrients and meets the following recommended dietary intake (rdi) requires:.

• Calcium: 171 milligrams (17% of the rdi)
• Iron: 5.6 milligrams (31% of the rdi)
• Potassium: 391 milligrams (11% of the rdi)
• Vitamin a: 442 micrograms (49% of the rdi)
• Vitamin c: 48.5 milligrams (81% of the rdi)
• Vitamin b2: 0.19 milligrams (9% of the rdi)

gotu kola is also an excellent source of dietary fiber, supplying 8 percent of the rdi for ladies and 5 percent of the rdi for men. (7 ).

Advantages of gotu kola in your skincare products

Gotu kola is abundant with anti-oxidants. It augments the skin’s ability to ward off environmental stress factors that can wreak havoc on your skin, and eliminates impurities that can produce signs of early aging like dark spots, wrinkles, and dull skin.

It has cleaning homes. It rids your face of yuck and muck like dirt, germs, and pore-clogging oil (good thing it’s in our mild so clean! Cleanser).

It can lighten up, tighten up, and smooth skin. Because of this it can drastically minimize the appearance of scarring, great lines, and wrinkles. It’s likewise fantastic for your eye area, which is why we have actually included it in our eyes infant eye cream, as it can minimize the look of dark circles and puffiness. In general, it will revitalize and renew your skin assisting you feel fresh faced and fabulous!

It’s an extremely soother. Loaded with soothing properties, gotu kola lowers momentary redness and eases pain connected with skin level of sensitivity. This makes it an excellent component to look for if you have delicate skin.

It’s a majorly effective hydration station. Gotu kola help the skin in maintaining wetness and can assist accomplish that vibrant, dewy glow that just originates from correct amounts of water. This is what makes it an essential active ingredient in our crème de la cream moisturizer. Hydrated skin is the ultimate method to keep typical signs of aging at bay. (8 ).

Side effects of gotu kola

Some reported adverse effects of gotu kola include:

• Drowsiness
• Gastrointestinal pain
• Skin issues
• Lightheadedness
• Nausea
• Headaches

Although there is minimal pertinent data, it is possible that gotu kola can connect with prescription or over-the-counter medications.

It is important to consult a medical professional prior to utilizing gotu kola. Ensure that the physician understands about all continuous medications and treatments. (9 )

Gotu kola tea dish and benefit

Gotu kola (indian pennywort or mandukparni, centella asiatica, hydrcotyle asiatica) is a medicinal herb, which is used in ayurveda from centuries to treat brain function related problems such as poor memory, low brainpowers, stress and anxiety, speech issues and sleeplessness. Gotu kola tea, which is prepared from the plant of centella asiatica is easy to make and offers lots of health advantages. This tea is specifically beneficial in inducing sound sleep.

For preparing this tea, one teaspoon of finely shredded dried/fresh gotu kola leaves are taken in a cup of hot water. The cup is covered with lid and the leaves are soaked for 10-15 minutes. After fifteen min tea is ready to consume. For stronger taste, you can high leaves for more time. You can prepare and consume this tea 3-4 times a day.

Gotu kola tea provides numerous health advantages. It is brain tonic, which minimizes tension, anxiety, growths, and cures insomnia/sleeplessness and anxiety. It also enhances brainpowers, memory, intelligence and removes mental fatigue. Gotu kola tea removes toxins from the liver and blood, improves energy levels and reinforces the kidneys. Based on ayurveda, it stabilizes worsened vata and pitta in the body. (10 ).

Dosing

The suggested everyday dosage of titrated extracts of c. Asiatica standardized for asiaticoside, asiatic acid, and madecassic acid is 60 to 120 mg. (11 ).

Interaction

Taking gotu kola with any medicines that make you drowsy can intensify this result. Ask your healthcare provider before taking gotu kola with medicine for stress and anxiety, anxiety, or seizures.

Gotu kola can damage your liver. This impact is increased when you likewise utilize other medicines damaging to the liver. Do not take gotu kola without medical advice if you are using any of the following medications:.

• Acetaminophen (tylenol);
• Leflunomide, teriflunomide;
• Methotrexate;
• An antibiotic, antifungal medicine, sulfa drug, or tuberculosis medicine;
• Birth control pills or hormonal agent replacement treatment;
• Heart or blood pressure medication;
• Cholesterol-lowering medications– crestor, lipitor, pravachol, simcor, vytorin, zocor, and others;
• Gout or arthritis medications (consisting of gold injections);
• Hiv/aids medications;
• Medicines to deal with mental illness;
• An nsaid (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug)- ibuprofen (advil, motrin), naproxen (aleve), celecoxib (celebrex), diclofenac, indomethacin, meloxicam, others;
• Seizure medication– carbamazepine, phenytoin, and others; or
• Steroids (prednisone and others).

This list is not total. Other drugs might connect with gotu kola, including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and organic items. Not all possible interactions are noted in this item guide. (12 ).

Cautions

This medication contains gotu kola. Do not use brahmabuti, centella asiatica, hydrocotyle, indian pennywort, indian water navelwort, madescassol, marsh penny, talepetrako, thick-leaved pennywort, or white rot if you dislike gotu kola or any components consisted of in this drug.

Stay out of reach of kids. In case of overdose, get medical help or call a poison control center immediately. (13 ).

Conclusions

Asiatica is an herb utilized in standard chinese medication. Its main effective components are asiaticoside, asiatic acid, madecassoside, and madecassic acid. As discussed earlier, c. Asiatica and its triterpenoids have a wide range of medicinal worths. In vivo and in vitro research studies revealed that c. Asiatica and its triterpenoids had restorative and eliminating effects on multi-system diseases. The c. Asiatica extract effectively eases sleep deprivation, advertisement, type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm), hyperlipidemia, gestational diabetes, baldness, atopic dermatitis, injury, drug-induced liver toxicity, liver injury, gastric mucosal injury, gastric ulcers, breast cancer, leukemia, oral submucous fibrosis, migraine, etc. Asiatic acid effectively eliminates cognitive impairment, alzheimer’s illness, parkinson’s illness, weight problems, renovascular high blood pressure, transverse aortic constriction, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (mi/r) injury, atherosclerosis, liver fibrosis, intense pancreatitis, colon carcinogenesis, hepatocellular cancer, lung fibrosis, lung cancer, pelvic inflammatory, ovarian cancer, endometriosis, sepsis, periodontitis, and so forth. The preclinical research studies on asiaticoside discovered that it has healing capacity for the list below diseases: hemiparkinsonism, alzheimer’s disease, cerebral anemia, skin wound, pulmonary hypertension, atherogenesis, ali, osteolytic bone diseases, and so forth. Pharmacological research studies discovered that madecassoside had potential healing effect against osteoporosis, acne, vitiligo, ra, and so forth. Madecassic acid had a positive healing impact on ischemic retinopathies. The preclinical research study on centella asiatica primarily focused on the extract of c. Asiatica and asiatic acid. For illness, neurological and skin diseases are primarily investigated. However, the influence on other illness also needs further extensive exploration.

The incident of inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to different diseases. C. Asiatica and its triterpenoids can be used in numerous medical situations because they have anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, eliminate oxidant tension, and enhance mitochondrial function. Therefore even more, c. Asiatica might likewise be applied to diseases not discussed in this study by means of the exact same pathological system, and this hypothesis requires thorough investigation for confirmation. (14 ).

Recommendations

1. Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/centella_asiatica
2. Https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-753/gotu-kola
3. Https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/herb/gotu-kola
4. Https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/gotu-kola
5. Https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc3116297/
6. Https://www.healthline.com/health/gotu-kola-benefits#_noheaderprefixedcontent
7. Https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-benefits-of-gotu-kola-89566
8. Https://fleurandbee.com/blogs/news/gotu-kola-for-skin
9. Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/gotu-kola-benefits#side-effects
10. Https://www.bimbima.com/recipes/gotu-kola-tea-recipe-and-benefits/2292/
11. Https://www.drugs.com/npp/gotu-kola.html
12. Https://www.emedicinehealth.com/drug-gotu_kola/article_em.htm#drugs
13. Https://www.rxlist.com/consumer_gotu_kola/drugs-condition.htm
14. Https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020.568032/full#h4