Acidophilus

Definition of acidophilus

• a lactobacillus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) that is included particularly to dairy items (such as yogurt and milk) or prepared as a dietary supplement, becomes part of the regular intestinal and vaginal flora, and is used therapeutically specifically to promote intestinal health
• also: a preparation consisting of such bacteria [1]

Background

There are various genera of bacteria that fall under the classification of probiotics – Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Paenibacillus, Enterococcus, Aeromonas, Alteromonas, Arthrobacter, Bifidobacterium, Microbacterium, Clostridium, Phaeobacter, Pseudoalteromonas, Pseudomonas, Rhodosporidium, Roseobacter, Streptomyces and Vibrio. But the most typically used across human and animal applications is genus Lactobacillus.

Lactobacillus is a genus that consists of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria that are most frequently understood for their role in carbohydrate fermentation and the ability to produce lactic acid as a result of this process. Lactobacillus types do not have the capability to form endospores like their cousin Bacillus. For this reason, they are rarely discovered as free-living germs. These bacteria initially acquired appeal as cultures necessary for producing fermented milk products, like cheese and yogurt, and as probiotic germs for humans.

The gut microbiome in people and other animals has been gaining increasing attention in the last couple of decades due to its significant result on health. A variety of types of gut bacteria directly and indirectly impact early development, the ability to process certain foods, immune response, hormonal balance, weight, state of mind, and a wide array of other procedures in the body. As our understanding of probiotic organisms has increased, so has our use of these probiotics in areas outside the human health and milk market.

Today, these bacteria are also widely used in farming and aquaculture and play an extremely crucial role in animal health and sustainable production of food. Aside from Bacillus, Lactobacillus types are the most studied and extensively used probiotic bacteria generally due to their great effectiveness in promoting natural gastrointestinal and immune paths in animals.

From Discovery to Today

Using microbes for health benefits has a long history– one of the first reported cases goes back to the Roman historian Plinius in 76 B.C. [1], who advised the use of fermented milk as a solution for gastroenteritis. One of the first Lactobacilllus species that was found was L. acidophilus, which was separated from the human digestion tract in 1900. It was first identified as Bacillus acidophilus, however after the discovery of the Lactobacillus species and unique identification techniques, its taxonomy was revised and the types renamed to Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Studying the fermentation process for yogurt production, Bulgarian scientist Endurance Grigorov discovered Bacillus bulgaricus in 1905 (now referred to as Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus). Influenced by his research, Ilya Metchnikoff, Russian zoologist, bacteriologist and immunologist, published a paper 2 years later in which he stated that one of the primary factors for the longevity of Bulgarian farmers was because of their daily consumption of yogurt. He recommended that cultures present in Bulgarian yoghurt might have the ability to prevent the aging procedure caused by putrefactive germs in the colon.

The genus Lactobacillus was formally found in 1921 by American bacteriologists E.B. Fred, W.H. Peterson, and J.A. Anderson. The genus was identified by the capability to metabolize specific sugars and other carbon-based substances. It was very difficult to effectively figure out the exact types prior to PCR (Polymerase Domino Effect) was found in 1983, numerous various Lactobacillus species were put under the exact same name. With the discovery of new gene sequencing techniques, an entire brand-new world of Lactobacillus species was found and their application became more specialized and effective.

Lactobacillus acidophilus in aquaculture

Aside from increasing the risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, antibiotic application likewise depletes the gut microbiota in aquaculture species.

The aquaculture market has actually significantly expanded throughout the last 20 years, and it is forecasted that it will continue to grow in the coming years. In order to meet the increasing needs of the market, the aquaculture market has begun to count on high equipping densities and aggressive feed input. These practices typically result in a great deal of built up waste, bad water quality, and increased tension levels in animals, creating an extremely beneficial environment for pathogens to spread out rapidly. In order to prevent the incidence of diseases and substantial economic losses that go with them, aquaculture producers have used a variety of strategies, consisting of (till just recently) antibiotic usage. Many nations have actually recognized the unfavorable impacts of antibiotics and prohibited their usage in aquaculture, and many others are following their footsteps.

Nevertheless, the ban of antibiotics leaves a huge space in the toolbox of aquaculture producers, now in need of an alternative that will be at least as reliable as antibiotics without the unfavorable effects.

For this reason, lots of scientists and aquaculture professionals have actually turned to probiotics.

There are lots of genera of probiotic bacteria, and they include a variety of specific and non-specific types. Lactobacillus is one of the most commonly represented genera in animal health applications because of the many beneficial effects they have on animal production.

How do Lactobacillus species enhance the health of fish and crustaceans?

Just like other probiotics, Lactobacillus species support useful impacts on aquaculture types in a number of methods, both directly and indirectly. The 6 main functions of Lactobacillus species in aquaculture include:.

• Stimulation of intestinal tract (GI) advancement – Lactobacillus bacteria can colonize the gut of fish and crustaceans at early phases of advancement (larval phase) and guarantee their correct development by avoiding the establishment of possibly harmful bacteria. This is really important, as pathogen infections in larvae are often harmful to their advancement and result in irreversible damage, along with weakened immune system. Lactobacillus types also help nutrient absorption, increasing feed performance and schedule of needed elements for the development of larvae and young fish and shellfishes.
• Improvement of digestion function and weight gain – Lactobacillus species increase usage of carbon sources with the help of their digestion enzymes, which increase nutrition schedule, as well as feed to yield conversion. These bacteria also increase the tightness of intestinal tract mucosa and stimulate the activity of gut wall cells, so they enhance the natural processes within their host’s gut. This results in better feed usage, increased development rates, survival rates and weight gain in fish and shrimps.
• Stimulation of the host’s immune action – Probiotic germs like Lactobacillus were shown to have an useful effect on host’s body immune system by increasing the overall number of lymphocytes, in addition to activity of lysozymes and other enzymes crucial for immune defense. They can stimulate non-specific immune actions and boost activity of the host’s monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells, and other representatives that handle undesirable residents of the gut microbiome. For instance, L. rhamnosus has the ability to increase breathing burst in rainbow trout, which indicates that it assists the fish to quickly launch reactive oxygen compounds like hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion. These compounds play a crucial function in cell signaling and defense against pathogens.
• Increasing reproduction – Reproductive capacity of aquaculture types is greatly influenced by the quantity of available nutrients– fats, proteins, vitamins, fatty acids, etc. These aspects are essential for every part of the recreation process, and correct development of larvae. Lactobacillus probiotics can increase the fecundity of fish by synthesizing a few of those needed components we pointed out (like vitamin B complex), guaranteeing better carbon source usage, and promoting natural resistance of aquaculture types. For instance, scientists studied a probiotic which includes Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. casei, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, and Enterococcus faescium, and its result on fecundity of female green swordtail. The results were clear– the variety of fecundated fish increased nearly 50% in the group that got probiotics compared to the variety of fecundated fish in control (fish that weren’t treated with the probiotic item).
• Security from pathogenic bacteria – The event of illness is very high in extensive farming and causes severe financial losses. To battle this concern, lots of aquaculture manufacturers previously counted on prescription antibiotics, however due to the excellent danger of antibiotic-resistant germs, their use ended up being badly restricted in lots of nations. Probiotics show great prospective to totally fill this space and supply a more sustainable method of getting high yields and producing healthy aquatic animals, without increasing the threat of microbial resistance to prescription antibiotics and damaging the environment.
• GI is one of the most typical locations in animal bodies for facility of pathogenic bacteria. Probiotics have the ability to colonize the gut rapidly and therefore decrease the area where pathogens can adhere and develop their nests. By using up area and nutrients from hazardous bacteria, Lactobacillus species can outcompete them and thus prevent disease advancement. Applying probiotics with Lactobacillus species was revealed to modulate the gut microbiome and promote the activity of enzymes important for immune reactions. Some Lactobacillus types can help increase immunity to particular pathogens, for example, L. plantarum increases illness resistance to Vibrio harveyi in Pacific white shrimps, while L. acidophilus increases protective actions of giant fresh river prawn versus pathogenic Vibrio types.
• Improving water quality – Water quality is one of the crucial factors for healthy and successful production in aquaculture. Build-up of natural waste, ammonia, nitrites and nitrates is a consistent issue, and a high concentration of these compounds in water can cause terrific damage to fish and shellfishes, and increase their death. Merely changing the infected water with fresh water can be costly in some areas, and likewise have an unfavorable impact on the environment, considering that the drainage is frequently released without processing into streams, rivers, and seas. This is why sustainable manufacturers go with bioremediation, and probiotic bacteria are utilized to kick-start this process. These germs are live organisms that have the ability to produce enzymes and metabolize damaging substances, and as such can offer useful and lasting effects on water quality and animal health. Aside from the popular bioremediatory types like Bacillus, Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter, certain Lactobacillus types like L. plantarum and L. casei likewise show the capability to decrease the quantity of hazardous waste in the water and enhance development of shrimps.

Many aquaculture probiotics are consisted of a blend of types to attain the very best impacts; as a result, Lactobacillus types are found in a mix with Bacillus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Nitrobacter and other probiotic bacteria. The combination of species and their private amount in the item depends on the aquaculture species and wanted effects. [2]

Benefits

Below are 9 methods which Lactobacillus acidophilus might benefit your health.

It May Help Reduce Cholesterol

High cholesterol levels might increase the threat of heart disease. This is especially real for “bad” LDL cholesterol.

Thankfully, studies recommend that particular probiotics can help in reducing cholesterol levels which L. acidophilus may be more efficient than other kinds of probiotics.

Some of these studies have actually examined probiotics by themselves, while others have actually utilized milk drinks fermented by probiotics.

One study discovered that taking L. acidophilus and another probiotic for 6 weeks considerably decreased overall and LDL cholesterol, however likewise “great” HDL cholesterol.

A similar six-week study found that L. acidophilus on its own had no impact.

However, there is evidence that integrating L. acidophilus with prebiotics, or indigestible carbohydrates that help good bacteria grow, can assist increase HDL cholesterol and lower blood sugar level.

This has been shown in research studies utilizing probiotics and prebiotics, both as supplements and in fermented milk drinks.

Furthermore, a variety of other studies have shown that yogurt supplemented with L. acidophilus helped in reducing cholesterol levels by up to 7% more than regular yogurt.

This suggests that L. acidophilus– not another active ingredient in the yogurt– was responsible for the helpful effect.

Summary:

acidophilus taken in by itself, in milk or yogurt or in combination with prebiotics might assist lower cholesterol.

It Might Prevent and Minimize Diarrhea

Diarrhea impacts people for a variety of factors, including bacterial infections.

It can be dangerous if it lasts a very long time, as it leads to fluid loss and, sometimes, dehydration.

A number of research studies have actually revealed that probiotics like L. acidophilus might assist prevent and lower diarrhea that’s associated with different diseases.

Proof on the capability of L. acidophilus to treat severe diarrhea in kids is mixed. Some studies have actually shown an advantageous impact, while others have actually revealed no effect.

One meta-analysis involving more than 300 children found that L. acidophilus helped reduce diarrhea, but only in hospitalized children.

What’s more, when consumed in combination with another probiotic, L. acidophilus might help reduce diarrhea brought on by radiotherapy in adult cancer clients.

Similarly, it may help in reducing diarrhea associated with antibiotics and a typical infection called Clostridium difficile, or C. diff.

Diarrhea is likewise typical in individuals who travel to different countries and are exposed to brand-new foods and environments.

An evaluation of 12 studies found that probiotics work at avoiding traveler’s diarrhea and that Lactobacillus acidophilus, in mix with another probiotic, was most efficient at doing so (19Trusted Source).

Summary:

When consumed in combination with other probiotics, L. acidophilus might help avoid and deal with diarrhea.

It Can Improve Signs of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) impacts up to one in 5 individuals in particular nations. Its symptoms include stomach discomfort, bloating and unusual defecation.

While little is learnt about the reason for IBS, some research suggests it might be brought on by certain types of bacteria in the intestinal tracts.

For that reason, a number of research studies have actually taken a look at whether probiotics can assist improve its symptoms.

In a study in 60 people with functional bowel conditions including IBS, taking a combination of L. acidophilus and another probiotic for one to 2 months enhanced bloating.

A similar research study discovered that L. acidophilus alone also lowered abdominal pain in IBS clients.

On the other hand, a research study that analyzed a mix of L. acidophilus and other probiotics found that it had no impact IBS symptoms.

This might be described by another study recommending that taking a low dose of single-strain probiotics for a short duration might improve IBS symptoms one of the most.

Particularly, the research study suggests that the very best method to take probiotics for IBS is to utilize single-strain probiotics, rather than a mix, for less than eight weeks, as well as a dosage of less than 10 billion colony-forming systems (CFUs) per day.

Nevertheless, it is very important to select a probiotic supplement that has been scientifically proven to benefit IBS.

Summary:

acidophilus probiotics may enhance symptoms of IBS, such as abdominal discomfort and bloating.

It Can Help Treat and Prevent Vaginal Infections

Vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis are common types of vaginal infections.

There is excellent proof that L. acidophilus can help deal with and avoid such infections.

Lactobacilli are normally the most common germs in the vaginal area. They produce lactic acid, which avoids the development of other hazardous bacteria.

Nevertheless, in cases of specific vaginal disorders, other species of bacteria begin to outnumber lactobacilli.

A number of research studies have discovered taking L. acidophilus as a probiotic supplement can prevent and deal with vaginal infections by increasing lactobacilli in the vagina.

Nevertheless, other studies have actually found no effect.

Eating yogurt that contains L. acidophilus may likewise avoid vaginal infections. Yet, both of the research studies that analyzed this were quite little and would need to be replicated on a larger scale before any conclusions could be made.

Summary:

acidophilus as a probiotic supplement might work in preventing vaginal conditions, such as vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis.

It May Promote Weight Loss

The bacteria in your intestinal tracts help manage food digestion and a variety of other bodily processes.

For that reason, they influence your weight.

There is some evidence that probiotics might help you drop weight, especially when multiple species are taken in together. However, the evidence on L. acidophilus alone is uncertain.

A recent research study that integrated the outcomes of 17 human research studies and over 60 animal studies found that some lactobacilli types resulted in weight loss, while others may have added to weight gain.

It recommended that L. acidophilus was one of the types that caused weight gain. Nevertheless, the majority of the studies were performed in farm animals, not humans.

Additionally, a few of these older research studies utilized probiotics that were initially believed to be L. acidophilus, but have actually given that been recognized as different species.

For that reason, the evidence on L. acidophilus affecting weight is unclear, and more extensive research studies are required.

Summary

Probiotics may be effective for weight reduction, but more research study is required to determine whether L. acidophilus, in particular, has a substantial impact on weight in people.

It May Help Avoid and Reduce Cold and Flu Manifestations

Healthy germs like L. acidophilus can increase the immune system and hence help in reducing the danger of viral infections.

In fact, some studies have recommended that probiotics might avoid and improve signs of the cold.

A few of these studies analyzed how effectively L. acidophilus dealt with colds in kids.

In one research study in 326 kids, six months of everyday L. acidophilus probiotics reduced fever by 53%, coughing by 41%, antibiotic use by 68% and days absent from school by 32%.

The exact same research study discovered that integrating L. acidophilus with another probiotic was even more efficient.

A similar research study on L. acidophilus and another probiotic also found comparable positive results for minimizing cold signs in kids.

Summary:

acidophilus by itself and in combination with other probiotics might reduce cold symptoms, specifically in kids.

It Might Help Avoid and Lower Allergic Reaction Symptoms

Allergies are common and can trigger symptoms such as a runny nose or scratchy eyes.

Thankfully, some evidence suggests that certain probiotics can reduce the signs of some allergic reactions.

One research study showed that consuming a fermented milk beverage consisting of L. acidophilus enhanced symptoms of Japanese cedar pollen allergic reaction.

Similarly, taking L. acidophilus for 4 months lowered nasal swelling and other signs in children with perennial hay fever, a disorder that causes hay fever-like symptoms throughout the year.

A larger study in 47 kids found similar outcomes. It revealed that taking a mix of L. acidophilus and another probiotic decreased runny nose, nasal stopping and other signs of pollen allergy.

Interestingly, the probiotics reduced the amount of an antibody called immunoglobulin A, which is associated with these allergies, in the intestinal tracts.

Summary:

acidophilus probiotics can lower the symptoms of specific allergic reactions.

It Might Help Avoid and Lower Signs of Eczema

Eczema is a condition in which the skin ends up being inflamed, resulting in irritation and discomfort. The most common form is called atopic dermatitis.

Proof recommends that probiotics can reduce the signs of this inflammatory condition in both grownups and kids.

One study found that giving a mix of L. acidophilus and other probiotics to pregnant ladies and their infants during the first 3 months of life reduced the prevalence of eczema by 22% by the time the babies reached one year of age.

A similar study found that L. acidophilus, in combination with conventional medical treatment, considerably improved atopic dermatitis signs in kids.

However, not all research studies have revealed favorable effects. A large study in 231 newborn kids given L. acidophilus for the first 6 months of life discovered no beneficial effect in cases of atopic dermatosis. In fact, it increased sensitivity to allergens.

Summary:

Some studies have revealed that L. acidophilus probiotics can help in reducing the frequency and signs of eczema, while other research studies show no benefit.

It benefits Your Gut Health

Your gut is lined with trillions of bacteria that play a crucial function in your health.

Usually, lactobacilli are very good for gut health.

They produce lactic acid, which may prevent harmful germs from colonizing the intestinal tracts. They also ensure the lining of the intestinal tracts remains intact.

acidophilus can increase the quantities of other healthy bacteria in the gut, consisting of other lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria.

It can also increase levels of short-chain fatty acids, such as butyrate, which promote gut health.

Another study thoroughly took a look at the effects of L. acidophilus on the gut. It discovered that taking it as a probiotic increased the expression of genes in the intestinal tracts that are associated with immune response.

These results suggest that L. acidophilus might support a healthy immune system.

A different study examined how the mix of L. acidophilus and a prebiotic afflicted human gut health.

It found that the combined supplement increased the amounts of lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria in the intestinal tracts, along with branched-chain fatty acids, which are an important part of a healthy gut.

Summary:

Acidophilus can support gut health by increasing the amounts of healthy germs in the intestinal tracts.

How to Reap one of the most from L. Acidophilus

1. acidophilus is a typical germs in healthy intestinal tracts, however you can gain a number of health benefits by taking it as a supplement or consuming foods which contain it.
2. acidophilus can be consumed in probiotic supplements, either on its own or in combination with other probiotics or prebiotics.

However, it’s also discovered in a variety of foods, especially fermented foods.

The very best food sources of L. acidophilus are:.

Yogurt: Yogurt is normally made from germs such as L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus. Some yogurts likewise consist of L. acidophilus, however only those that list it in the components and state “live and active cultures.”.

Kefir: Kefir is made of “grains” of germs and yeast, which can be contributed to milk or water to produce a healthy fermented drink. The kinds of bacteria and yeast in kefir can vary, however it typically consists of L. acidophilus, to name a few.

Miso: Miso is a paste originating from Japan that is made by fermenting soybeans. Although the primary microorganism in miso is a fungi called Aspergillus oryzae, miso can also include lots of germs, including L. acidophilus.

Tempeh: Tempeh is another food made from fermented soybeans. It can consist of a variety of different bacteria, consisting of L. acidophilus.

Cheese: Various varieties of cheese are produced by using different bacteria. L. acidophilus is not typically utilized as a cheese starter culture, however a number of research studies have actually taken a look at the impacts of including it as a probiotic (54Trusted Source).

Sauerkraut: Sauerkraut is a fermented food made from cabbage. Most of the germs in sauerkraut are Lactobacillus species, consisting of L. acidophilus (55Trusted Source).

Besides food, the very best method to get L. acidophilus is directly through supplements.

A variety of L. acidophilus probiotic supplements are offered, either by themselves or in mix with other probiotics. Aim for a probiotic with a minimum of one billion CFUs per serving.

If taking a probiotic, it’s usually best to do so with a meal, ideally breakfast.

If you are brand-new to probiotics, try taking them daily for a week or two and then assess how you feel before continuing.

Summary:

acidophilus can be taken as a probiotic supplement, however it’s likewise found in high amounts in a number of fermented foods. [3]

How to use

People can easily add L. acidophilus and other probiotics to their diet. A practical and popular method of doing this is through yogurts and yogurt drinks, but some other fermented foods likewise consist of L. acidophilus. However, constantly inspect the label to make sure the product does include L. acidophilus.

When taking L. acidophilus dietary supplements, pick a reliable brand, and always follow the package directions. A physician, pharmacist, or herbalist can likewise assist with selecting the right L. acidophilus supplement. [4]

Dosage and Preparation

Acidophilus supplements are offered in a range of kinds: capsules, tablets, beverages, pearls, powders, chewable wafers, liquids, and suppositories.

The normal adult dose is 1 to 10 billion living organisms referred to as colony-forming units (CFUs), taken in as much as 4 divided dosages. Follow the instructions on the product packaging or speak with a healthcare provider about the appropriate dose for you.

If providing L. acidophilus to a child, consult a pediatrician about a proper dose or buy a brand name created for kids and follow the directions on the product packaging.

Depending upon the production processes, you might find some probiotics require refrigeration while others are shelf-stable. Make sure to save probiotics as directed on the label and reduce contact with air. [5]

What are the potential adverse effects of acidophilus?

Acidophilus is usually considered safe to utilize. However it does have some prospective small negative effects. These adverse effects consist of:.

• Mild upset stomach.
• Diarrhea.
• Irregularity.
• Gas and bloating.

If you establish signs of an infection such as fever or chills, stop taking acidophilus right away. Contact your doctor right away for more guidance.

Signs of an allergic reaction might consist of:

• Rash.
• Itching.
• Hives and swelling of your face, lips, tongue or throat.
• Problem breathing.
• Lightheadedness.

While rare, serious infections can take place. If you have any of the list below conditions, you should talk to your doctor before taking acidophilus.

Central lines: Acidophilus has actually caused blood infections in people who have central lines. Central lines are long catheters (thin, flexible tubes) that are put in a big vein in your body.

Liver scarring: Acidophilus has actually caused infections in individuals with cirrhosis.

Digestion system diseases: Acidophilus has caused infections in individuals with gastrointestinal illness. These illness consist of brief bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.

Compromised immune system: Acidophilus has actually caused blood infections in people with important illnesses. This includes people with HIV/AIDS and individuals going through chemotherapy for cancer. This likewise includes individuals who are taking medications to prevent rejection of an organ transplant.

Harmed heart valves: Acidophilus has actually caused infections in the lining of the heart chambers and heart valves. [6]

Special Precautions and Warnings

When taken by mouth: L. acidophilus is most likely safe. It’s been used safely together with other probiotics for approximately 9 months. Some individuals might experience gas or bloating, however it’s normally well-tolerated.

When applied to the vagina: L. acidophilus is likely safe. It’s been used safely for as much as 12 weeks.

Pregnancy: L. acidophilus is possibly safe when taken by mouth during pregnancy. It’s been used safely together with other probiotics for 6 weeks, beginning at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy.

Breast-feeding: There isn’t enough dependable details to understand if L. acidophilus is safe to utilize while breast-feeding. But there’s no factor to expect security issues when utilized appropriately under medical guidance.

Children: L. acidophilus is likely safe when taken by mouth appropriately in kids. It’s been utilized securely alone and together with other probiotics.

Weakened body immune system: Some probiotics have caused blood infections in a small number of individuals with weakened immune systems. If you have a weakened body immune system, talk with your healthcare provider prior to taking probiotics, consisting of L. acidophilus.

Damaged heart valves: Some probiotics have triggered infections of the inner lining of the heart chambers and heart valve. This is exceptionally uncommon, however individuals with damaged heart valves must stop taking probiotics like Lactobacillus acidophilus before oral procedures or surgical procedures. [7]

Security rating:

• No security concerns despite wide usage. [8]

Interactions

There are no known considerable interactions for acidophilus. [9]

The bottom line

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a types of probiotics that has been widely studied on its own and in combination with other probiotic species. Acidophilus has been revealed to reduce bloating, assistance GI function, and support overall gut health. * The bright side? Specific top quality probiotics developed with gut health specifically in mind, like probiotic+, integrate numerous strains of probiotics, including L. acidophilus, so you get whatever you require in one convenient capsule. [10]

Recommendations

1. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/acidophilus
2. https://www.qb-labs.com/blog/2020/10/13/lactobacillus-101
3. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/lactobacillus-acidophilus#TOC_TITLE_HDR_12
4. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324194#how-to-use
5. https://www.verywellhealth.com/acidophilus-and-other-probiotics-88321
6. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/22650-acidophilus
7. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-790/lactobacillus-acidophilus
8. https://www.drugs.com/npc/acidophilus.html
9. https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements-acidophilus/art-20361967
10. https://www.mindbodygreen.com/articles/acidophilus-probiotic-benefits